A new baby should bring a time of happiness for a family but what is frequently dismissed as the "baby blues" is a mental health condition called postpartum depression.

Uncontrollable crying, an inability to complete daily tasks, insomnia, oversleeping and low energy are common symptoms mothers experience and can last for weeks. In severe cases, thoughts of harming themselves, other people or their newborn may occur.

Dr. Robin Drake OB/GYN at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, said a strong support system can help but in some cases, it is ineffective.

"Asking for people to maybe help care for the baby so they have more time for a little bit of self-care," Drake recommended. "Having more time for rest, even showering, just getting a good meal in afterwards, are things that can be really helpful for mood but for many people, that's just not enough."

Drake suggested reaching out to a health care provider or psychotherapist for an assessment to rule out the existence of any other major health conditions or undiagnosed mental health concerns such as bipolar disorder. In 2019, House Bill 3511 was enacted to require the Illinois Department of Public Health to partner with the state's American Academy of Pediatrics to urge physicians to conduct postpartum mental health screenings at well-baby visits.

Extreme cases of postpartum depression lasting for weeks or even months may need medication to alleviate the symptoms. In 2019, the first medicines were formed but one drawback was a required brief hospital stay to help the treatment take effect.

Dr. Donna O'Shea, OB/GYN and chief medical officer for population health at UnitedHealthcare, described one drug which has produced better results in less time.

"This year, Xerove is an option that is in pill form that's taken daily for two weeks and can make a difference in three days," O'Shea explained. "There are many available treatments and paths a woman can go, depending on the severity of her symptoms."

O'Shea added most employers, with guidance from their health care providers, have an employee assistance program, which permits a worker to speak privately with a trained health professional at no cost. Other options include virtual behavioral health coaching or joining a women's postpartum discussion group.

The Illinois Department of Public Health reported in 2019, one in 10 women reported feelings of depression before, during and after her pregnancy.

The National Maternal Mental Health Hotline is available 24/7 at 1-833-TLC-MAMA (1-833-652-6262).

A new report found New York hospitals are in a precarious financial state.

The New York State Hospitals Fiscal Survey Report showed statewide hospitals are projecting an operating budget margin of 0.0% percent. While it is a slight improvement, hospital administrators said it is still insufficient for hospitals to handle patient care.

Bea Grause, president of the Healthcare Association of New York State, said government reimbursements do not cover the costs of administering health care.

"Those reimbursements are fixed and do not change," Grause pointed out. "They grow a little bit year over year but they're not keeping up with the expense growth that all hospitals are experiencing."

She noted hospitals cannot raise their commercial expenses with the expectation it will make up the difference, arguing the best way to help hospitals is to close the gap on Medicare and Medicaid payments so they keep up with expense growth. Prescription drugs are the largest continuously increasing expense hospitals face since such prices run 83% above the rate of inflation.

Staffing issues are being exacerbated by New York hospital's fiscal challenges. The report found labor expenses have grown more than 36% since 2019. While it is the second year of declining contract labor expenditures, they are double what they were in 2019.

Grause emphasized not having sufficient staff can affect the services hospitals offer.

"If a hospital is going to have a dialysis unit, you need a nephrologist. You'd probably need more than one nephrologist," Grause observed. "But you also need specially trained nurses, you need the right equipment, you need all the medication, you need the IV solution and the peritoneal solution."

Another factor in hospitals' declining operating margins is insurer demands. The report showed some surveyed hospitals project insurers' actions will cut their 2024 operating revenues by 5% or more. Estimates showed it would result in $1.3 billion or more in lost revenue for the hospitals.


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More than half of North Carolina counties have fewer than four dentists per 10,000 people and a few counties have no dentists at all.

The North Carolina Dental Society Foundation is stepping up to meet those residents where they are, for essential dental services.

Dr. Amanda Stroud, dental director and chief dental officer for AppHealthCare and a member of the foundation board, said she sees the need firsthand. She explained the biggest barriers are lack of dental insurance, affordability and the ability to get timely appointments.

"It may be that someone has to wait six to nine months for a dental appointment when they may be having tooth pain," Stroud observed. "And it may be that once they get that appointment, that appointment's just for a planning process and not always something that can help treat the pain or manage the dental issues."

Stroud noted such challenges affect a significant number of people, particularly in rural parts of the state. So, the foundation supports programs like "Give Kids a Smile" and the "Missions of Mercy" clinics, to provide free oral health services.

Stroud emphasized the events are supported by fundraising efforts, like an annual golf challenge. Dentists from across the state volunteer to perform extractions, fillings and cleanings and sometimes offering lifesaving care.

"You can have a dental infection that becomes something that is a cause of death for the patient," Stroud pointed out. "And that's happened in the United States. And you don't want to think about that happening in the United States, but it has."

Sharon D'Costa, fund development and program director for the foundation, said the efforts so far have reached nearly 73,000 patients. Beyond direct care, she stressed they are helping to expand the dental workforce in the state.

"We're working with community colleges to kind of provide students with scholarships," D'Costa outlined. "We're also initiating new programs, we're incentivizing faculty to stay in their jobs as well as get new faculty to take on roles teaching dental assisting and dental hygiene students."

D'Costa added the foundation awards grants and recognizes public health efforts to improve access to dental care. She acknowledged it is challenging to mobilize volunteers and secure funding but strong community partnerships help the foundation improve its impact.

Access to reduced-price medication is vital for many low-income rural Tennesseans and the clinics serving them are concerned about potential cuts to a program that helps with drug costs.

The 340B program allows safety-net providers, like community health centers, to purchase outpatient medications at discounted rates.

Emily Waitt Hise, policy and advocacy manager for the Tennessee Primary Care Association, said the savings are crucial.

"The 340B program allows health center patients to receive the care they need to attain their highest level of health," Waitt Hise asserted. "It ensures that all patients can receive the lifesaving medications they need to manage chronic conditions, like diabetes or high cholesterol."

She pointed out health centers are required to reinvest the savings from the program back into patient care, which helps them provide other services like pediatrics, behavioral and dental health and OB/GYN care. Health centers are concerned that the 340B program will be on the chopping block under the new administration.

Laura Harris, CEO of Chota Community Health Services, said the 340B program offers significant cost savings, which are passed on to low-income and uninsured patients. She noted the costs vary by drug but are generally minimal. Her organization did a recent patient survey, confirming the cost savings.

"This third patient said, 'Eliquis was going to cost me $500, because my insurance denied it. With the program, it only cost $50,'" Harris reported. "A fourth patient said, 'My inhaler was over $100, but I got it for $25.'"

Harris argued the biggest challenge with the program is the pharmaceutical manufacturers' contract pharmacy restrictions, which limit 340B pricing to one pharmacy. She added it forces patients on multiple medications to visit different pharmacies to fill their prescriptions, which is challenging in rural areas.